Pillai, meaning Prince,is a title of
nobility which can either refer to a ruling chief, members of the nobility, or
junior princes of the royal family historically ranked immediately below the
king.
From the early modern period, the
title also came to be bestowed on Savarna subjects by the ruling families of
Kerala for services military or political, most of whom were of Nair origin.
Originally a title meaning
"royal child", it came to be given to administrators of a king or a
temple, often holding large estates on behalf of the latter.
The Pillais of Kerala had
authority over their own regions and right of judgment in provincial disputes,
as delegated by the king.
They collected fines and taxes
and in return received a share of the income they collected. In wartime they
led the king's armies.
Some desoms were grouped together under
a Prince into larger units that represented earlier independent kingdoms. Many
Pillais originally functioned essentially as royal governors.
Pillais still held primary influence
and, as "advisers of the king", were regarded as supporters of the
king's power.
They showed that power for 1800s
when they deposed Jayanthan-Sankaran-Nampoothiri as Prime Minister of
Travancore.
Bala Rama Varma was one of
Travancore's least popular sovereigns whose reign was marked by unrest and
various internal and external political problems.
Following the atrocities in 1790s
that resulted in the murder of Raja Kesavadas (Kesava Pillai before becoming
Raja), Velu Thampi Dalawa, a Karya-kar Pillai of South Travancore district,
gathered the people of his land and an uprising ensued.
People from all parts of
Travancore united to surround the palace and demand the immediate dismissal and
banishment of Jayanthan Sankaran Nampoothiri.
They also demanded that his two
ministers be brought to a public place then undergo flogging and have their
ears cut off.
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